NEB Class 12 • Mathematics • Analytic Geometry • Practice Set

Circle, Tangents & Normals Practice Set: NEB 12 Maths

Master Circle, Tangents and Normals through clear concepts, representations, a reliable answer method and exam-focused practice.

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Concepts · Worked reasoning · NEB practice

Quick answer: A circle is the locus of points at fixed distance from a center. A tangent is perpendicular to the radius at contact, and the normal passes through the center and contact point.

Worked practice

Build the result from meaning, not memory

A circle is the locus of points at fixed distance from a center. A tangent is perpendicular to the radius at contact, and the normal passes through the center and contact point.

Worked example

For x²+y²=25 at (3,4), the tangent is 3x+4y=25 and the normal lies along the radius through the origin.

The governing relationship is (x−h)²+(y−k)²=r². For x²+y²=r² at (x₁,y₁), tangent xx₁+yy₁=r². Check the convention, geometry or boundary condition before calculation.

Independent practice ladder

  1. Define the key physical quantities and give their SI units.
  2. Draw and label the relevant wave, ray, mode or energy diagram.
  3. Recalculate the worked example after changing one input by a factor of two.
  4. Explain the result without equations.
  5. Create a Nepal-relevant situation such as a classroom speaker, musical pipe, optical slit or thermal machine.
  6. Compare two cases and predict the larger output before calculating.
  7. Find and repair one deliberately wrong sign, node or unit.
  8. Write a three-mark answer and a five-mark answer.

Answer protocol: diagram → known data → principle → symbolic equation → SI substitution → result → physical check. Using a point not on the circle, confusing tangent and normal slopes, or reading radius directly from an uncompleted-square general equation.

NEB answer method

Model → evidence → equation → check

First identify the system and what the question asks. Label the diagram, apparatus or reaction with SI quantities, then state the principle before selecting an equation. Solve symbolically where possible and check units, limiting cases and chemical or physical meaning.

StageQuestionEvidence
ModelWhat is idealised?Assumption stated
RepresentationWhich diagram fits?Labels or balanced equation
CalculationWhich relation follows?Symbols then SI values
EvaluationDoes it make sense?Unit, sign and trend check

Make the idea concrete in Nepal

Connect the model to a school laboratory, household technology, health, environment, energy or local material. The example should clarify the science rather than merely mention a place. Compare a prediction with an observation and record uncertainty.

Review the NEB Class 12 Mathematics revision roadmap and the complete Mathematics guide. For online or physical tuition, call 9846662070.

Questions students ask about Circle, Tangents and Normals

What is the central idea of Circle, Tangents and Normals?

A circle is the locus of points at fixed distance from a center. A tangent is perpendicular to the radius at contact, and the normal passes through the center and contact point.

Which equation should I remember?

(x−h)²+(y−k)²=r². For x²+y²=r² at (x₁,y₁), tangent xx₁+yy₁=r².

How should I begin a numerical?

Draw the situation, list known quantities in SI units, choose the governing relation symbolically, substitute once and finish with a unit and reasonableness check.

What is a common exam mistake?

Using a point not on the circle, confusing tangent and normal slopes, or reading radius directly from an uncompleted-square general equation.

How can I practise this topic?

Alternate one concept explanation, one diagram and two numericals. Revisit errors after a day instead of only rereading the solution.

Where can I get tuition support?

For online or physical KTM Tuition classes, call 9846662070. After Grade 12, the MKS Education panel below gives preparation and pre-counselling contacts.

Frequently asked questions

References and next steps

Scope checked against CDC Nepal; concept support from an institutional reference and OpenStax Science. Continue with the Circle, Tangents and Normals cluster.

NEB +2 tuition support

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